69439 2658-5553 AlfaBuild 6 4 6 2018 1-145
RAR RUS 7-14 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Kleshchevnikova Varvara varyakl@mail.ru
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Shkol'nikova Anna annashkolnikova@inbox.ru
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Dmitireva Evgenia Gen.97@yandex.ru
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Ivanova Anastasiia i.nastya96@mail.ru
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 Comparison of various methods of measurement of area This article submits known and less common methods of measuring the actual areas of land plots, based on the use of various geodetic instruments and applications of computer programs. The main goal of this work is to conduct the benchmarking study of these methods. There were considered ways of measuring the actual area of land plots used directly in-situ, as well as ways based on the processing of satellite images and maps. The article contains a brief description of each method, taking into account their main features, and also revealed the advantages and disadvantages of using these methods. The estimation of precision was made by determining the percentage divergence of the area value obtained by a particular method with the value taken for the standard. Summary tabulation was made based on the results of the study 10.34910/ALF.6.1 69 geodesy cadastral geodesy actual area of land methods of determination of actual area of land measuring of land’s area property line tachymeter GPS-navigator https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2018.6.1/ 1_6.pdf
ABS RUS 15-18 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Galikhanova Elina linlvs.g@gmail.com
St. Petersburg, Russia
 Seismic protection of buildings and structures on the basis of Of all the systems of seismic protection of buildings, the most common Seismic isolation, but many existing designs have a number of drawbacks, such as the complexity of manufacturing and installation, the inability to verify and replace the device, the unstable performance and low durability of such devices, so the purpose of this study is to create a simple, reliable, cost-effective shock absorber design for protecting buildings and Structures from seismic influences using a polyurethane elastomer. The tasks of this work are to study the mechanical properties of different brands Polyurethanes under different temperature conditions, dynamic and cyclic loads, to work constructively, that is, to improve existing shock absorber designs, to choose materials for elastic elements with the greatest energy intensity and to investigate the effect of temperature on the strength characteristics of polyurethanes 10.34910/ALF.6.2 Anti-seismic device; polyurethanes; elastomers; elastic base; seismic protection; energy intensity internal friction shock absorbers https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2018.6.2/ 2_6.pdf
REV RUS 19-22 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Subbotina Ekaterina subbotina.ev@inbox.ru
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 Reconstruction of the mooring quay river port of Cherepovets During field research anchored revetment Cherepovets river port installed it unacceptable physical deterioration. In this connection, it considered two options for the reconstruction of the mooring quay: a rim of anchored revetment and reconstruction in the form of the creation of grouting in the area adjacent to the quay wall. The second option for Reconstruction waterfront structure is new and requires a comprehensive review. Additionally, construction work is considered in the latter stages of the reserve bearing capacity - when a plastic hinge. This corresponds to the appearance of yield strength of the metal wall in the area most exposed to corrosion. The issue of reconstruction of mooring facilities such as "sheetpile bulkhead" is actual due to the growing number of berths that do not meet modern requirements, and also allows to exceed the estimated service life, significant physical and moral wear 10.34910/ALF.6.3 69 quay embankment reconstruction свайная шпунтовая стенка water engineering marine construction modern grouting technology Increase depth load increase https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2018.6.3/ 3_6.pdf
REV RUS 23-48 15730895100 Peter the Great Saint-Petersburg Polytechnic University Gorshkov Nikolai
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
 Urban planning experiments in St. Petersburg В рамках исследования выполнен обзор основных этапов развития городских кварталов Санкт-Петербурга. Территория города условно разделена на зоны с преобладающей застройкой городских кварталов. Рассмотрены основные типы зданий, расположенные на территории Санкт-Петербурга, проектные решения и материалы, которые были использованы при их строительстве в разные периоды развития города. Показано распределение численности и плотности населения по административным районам города. Здания, построенные в городе в дореволюционный период, характеризуются максимальным разнообразием стилей и архитектурных форм. Однако, по плотности населения, центральные районы города наиболее насыщены. Деревянные здания, в очень ограниченном количестве оставшиеся в городе, требуют бережного отношения и сохранности. Районы малоэтажной застройки остаются в некоторых районах города, но постепенно поглощаются городом 10.34910/ALF.6.4 Saint Petersburg Architecture construction buildings city residential quarter urban planning elements of town planning system residential area houses of the first mass series panel buildings apartment building urban habitat https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2018.6.4/ 4_6.pdf
REV RUS 34-42 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Romanov Nikolay
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Belyaeva Svetlana sbelaeva@gmail.com
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Zapoev Mikhail mrzapoev@gmail.com
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 Features of glued laminated timber anisotropic structure Glued laminated timber is one of the most efficient constructing materials that allow solving complex architectural and constructional patterns, creating efficient, lightweight, versatile and aesthetically expressional constructions. The major disadvantage of glued wood structures is anisotropy that increases sufficiently in process of its production. Anisotropy of natural and glued laminated timber is considered in the article; particularly it is focused on alteration of elasticity modulus in dependence on angle of load application direction on direction of wood grain. Principal mechanics of natural timber failure is considered in the article. Two methods of timber anisotropy description (orthotropic and transversal isotropic) considered for further development 10.34910/ALF.6.8 69 timber anisotropy glued laminated timber orthotropic materials transverse isotropic materials wood grain stress distribution in timber elasticity modulus of timber mechnics of timber failure https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2018.6.5/
REV RUS 49-64 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Knyazeva Yulia julia060796@rambler.ru
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Krotova Valeria ms.persona11@mail.ru
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 B-4397-2014 56826013600 0000-0003-1071-427X Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Gravit Marina Viktorovna marina.gravit@mail.ru
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
 Increase of fire resistance of aerated concrete structures The object of this study is the fire resistance of aerated concrete structures and methods for its enhancement. The study and improvement of the properties of aerated concrete is an urgent task in the field of construction. The purpose of the study was to find out what methods of improving aerated concrete exist. The authors reviewed the scientific and technical literature in the field of increasing the fire resistance limits for building structures made of aerated concrete. It is shown that there is no definition of aerated concrete in regulatory documents. Various methods for improving the fire resistance of aerated concrete have been investigated. Various characteristics of aerated concrete are considered. The conclusion is drawn about a wide range of advantages of aerated concrete. It is proved that the research of aerated concrete is promising in the modern world, there are many patents aimed at studying and improving the properties of aerated concrete 10.34910/ALF.6.5 69 Construction building structures aerated concrete fire resistance fire protection means https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2018.6.6/ 5_6.pdf
REV RUS 65-70 7801686579 0000-0001-7011-8213 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Barabanshchikov Yurii Germanovich ugb@mail.ru
Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Gorodilova Anna angora108@yandex.ru
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Popova Ekaterina katerina.popova995@gmail.com
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 Sulphate resistance of waterproofing compounds based on cement containing dry construction mixtures The sulphate resistance of two waterproofing cement-containing compounds on the basis of dry construction mixtures "RM-W Plus" and "HydroLastic" was investigated. The test for first year has shown that both compositions are sulfate-resistant and refer to the III (highest) group for sulphate resistance in accordance with GOST R 56687-2015. The values of deformation of expansion and increment of sample mass are obtained depending on the type of corrosive medium (distilled water and sodium sulfate solution) and the time of its exposure. In the case of the elastic two-component "HydroLastic" composition containing the polymer component, compared with the repair composition "RM-W Plus", there was a higher expansion and less water absorption. Absorption of water samples of both compositions was more significant than absorption of sodium sulfate solution 10.34910/ALF.6.6 69 Dry construction mixtures waterproofing compounds water absorption expansion sulfate resistance https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2018.6.7/ 6_6.pdf
REV RUS 73-81 Dontsova Anna anne.dontsoova@gmail.com Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Kalinina Aksinya kalinina0906@yandex.ru
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 Smart windows in civil engineering Smart glass is an innovative work material for daylighting whose light transmission properties are altered when voltage, light or heat is applied. Such glass can be used both in the construction of office and residential buildings. The purpose of the research was to study prospects of using smart glass in construction. The general aspects of the main part of the study were to compare different types of smart windows and to identify their main advantages and disadvantages. The research showed that the newest species of glass surfaces are extremely transparent, multifunctional and energy efficient. The basic smart window disadvantages include high cost, energy requirement and high power consumption. All these problems seem to be solved in the nearest future because sponsors invest a lot of money in the development of smart glass optical properties. Moreover, the study investigated the scope of smart windows сhanges in the smart glass market in recent years. The research showed that the market is growing steadily. Based on the findings, smart glass is an extremely promising material that is going to spread quickly in the nearest future. Further study requires to figure out the most efficient way of energy consumption and to reduce the price of the material. 10.34910/ALF.6.7 691.6 construction civil engineering energy efficiency smart windows daylighting glass surfaces optical properties https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2018.6.8/ 7_6.pdf
REV RUS 92-114 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Shatornaya Alexandra alexandrashatornaya@gmail.com
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Tarasov Vladimir vtarasov3766@yandex.ru
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Zhuvak Oksana zhuwak2010@mail.ru
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 56296687300 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Rybakov Vladimir fishermanoff@mail.ru
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 Russian and foreign standards of seismic design of buildings and structures Despite the constant reviews of regulatory documentation for construction in seismically hazardous conditions, the problem of ensuring the safety of buildings and structures during an earthquake is relevant. The article compares Russian methods of seismic calculations of buildings and structures and methods used in countries with developed earthquake-proof constructing, such as the USA, China, Japan. The regulatory documentation used in the EU countries were also studied. The article considers such key possitions of regulatory documentations as design of maps of seismic zoning, local geological conditions, response spectrum, shear deformations and methods of analysis and calculation of the constructions. As a result of the comparison, significant differences were revealed, which can affect the correctness of the seismic resistance of structures. It was found that a serious revision of the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation is required to ensure the safety of the population living in seismic areas 10.34910/ALF.6.9 699.841 civil engineering regulatory documentation safety of buildings seismic stability building dynamics earthquakes https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2018.6.9/ 9_6.pdf
REV RUS 115-125 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Kryzhanovskii Nikita nik.kryxx@gmail.com
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Komarinskiy Mikhail komarin@cef.spbstu.ru
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 Reconstruction of residential buildings of different periods of construction Nowadays reconstruction becomes a major issue for the housing facilities of the Russian Federation and it is caused by the critical condition of many buildings. Further postponement of restoration work may lead to the demolition of buildings. One of the main directions for solving this problem is the reconstruction. This article discussed the current condition of the housing facilities of the RF and identifies general features and tasks of the reconstruction. The author suggests ways of increasing the operational parameters and strengthening the load-bearing elements of buildings, in order to prolong their life cycle. The article also stresses three categories of buildings, depending on their age and the methods of their reconstruction. Analysis of the characteristic features of restoration work, for each category. And also the necessity of reconstruction of buildings, different periods of construction is justified 10.34910/ALF.6.10 69 housing facilities reconstruction critical condition category layout desuetude restoration residential buildings https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2018.6.10/ 10_6.pdf
RAR RUS 126-134 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Nefedova Anna anyanefedova94@mail.ru
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 56227381900 0000-0003-2673-4566 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Nemova Darya Viktorovna nemova_dv@spbstu.ru
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
 Light Wall Technology for Enclosing Structures Fencing structures are an important part of a building with energy-efficient design. Fencing walls of residential and public buildings determine architectural appearance of an object and temperature and humidity conditions inside premises. In this article we study a enclosing structure, manufactured using technology of a thermal frame. Main technical solutions and components were dismantled, a comparison with the most popular enclosing structures of residential and public buildings was made. The calculation of the economic efficiency of the enclosing structure in comparison with other solutions was made by analyzing selling value. It was considered that use of a thermo frame as a fencing structure has great efficiency in residential and public buildings where maximum benefit is required in areas, as well as in reconstructed and built-up buildings where there are restrictions on specific weight of a structure. Calculation of economic benefits for a landlord was made 10.34910/ALF.6.11 69 Light Wall LSTC building envelop energy efficiency civil engineering structural engineering building construction https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2018.6.11/ 11_6.pdf
REV RUS 135-145 ABE-1858-2021 57208300172 0000-0003-0031-7270 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation Vasileva Irina Leonidovna vasilievaa_irina@mail.ru
195251, Russia, St. Petersburg, Polytechnic St., 29
 56227381900 0000-0003-2673-4566 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Nemova Darya Viktorovna nemova_dv@spbstu.ru
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
 Prospects of using aerogels in construction Scientists and engineers around the world are continuously improving the properties of thermal insulation materials. It is a necessary process to save the basic energy resources of a building. This article is devoted to the innovative heat-insulating material – aerogel. Aerogels are new materials with a unique combination of such properties as high porosity, low density and high specific surface area. These properties are due to the aerogel nanostructure. The article describes in detail the process of obtaining aerogel. There is a comparative table of aerogels on different bases (quartz, carbon fiber and fiberglass), as well as a comparison of Pyrogel and Cryogel. One of the products on the basis of aerogel is an airbag, invented in Switzerland. The examples of practical application of aerogels given in the article prove that it is an effective heat insulator. Today, one of the identified deficiencies is an expensive manufacturing 10.34910/ALF.6.12 69 thermal insulation aerogel nanotechnology cryogel pyrogel airbag https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2018.6.12/ 12_6.pdf