AlfaBuild

RAR RUS 3301-3301 0009-0001-8825-1386 Al-Shebillawy Ehsaan Jihad Kahayit 56352359500 0000-0002-5156-7352 Volgograd State Technical University Korniyenko Sergey Valeryevich svkorn2009@yandex.ru

Volgograd, Russian Federation

0009-0001-1470-8275 Al-Mossawy Burak Abdelmotaleb Kadim Sustainable urban development while preserving its historical and cultural identity The object of research is a comprehensive understanding of sustainable development in the urban structure of cities, especially in tourist cities undergoing rapid transformation, by analyzing the methods used in building these cities and their previous experiences with them. The research uses the city of Karbala as an example as it has a necessary historical background and long growth experience. Method. The research analyses the obstacles to their urban environment, structure, and components to understand and evaluate the strategies used in their development to promote sustainable development. These challenges require immediate and comprehensive intervention. Emphasis is placed on the development and achievement of sustainable development in various city centers and their internal and external neighborhoods. The comprehensive analysis of current and future challenges and urgent needs for a more sustainable urban environment and an improved quality of life for the city's population is reflected. Results. By achieving these goals, the city of Karbala can achieve a balanced and sustainable urban environment and improve the quality of life of its citizens. This requires close cooperation between local government, stakeholders, and the community and effective integration of efforts to implement development policies and programs while preserving historical and cultural identity of cities. 10.57728/ALF.33.1 60 Sustainable urban development Infrastructure Environment Social Governance ESG strategy Urban environment Urban challenges Historical and cultural identity https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2025.33.1/ 3301.pdf

REV RUS 3302-3302 O-6995-2019 6508103761 0000-0002-1196-8004 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Vatin Nikolai Ivanovich vatin@mail.ru

Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation

0000-0002-0090-5745 Hematibahar Mohammad 0000-0002-7168-5786 Gebre Tesfaldet Hadgembes Construction methods and challenges of reinforced concrete structures in Tehran, Iran The object of research is to investigate the challenges and methods of reinforced concrete structures in Tehran, Iran. The issues regarding contractors' obligations and Iran's construction challenges have been investigated. Method. Thus, the design of the Iranian code has been reviewed in this article, and similar international situations, the view of construction supervision, and the view of construction operations have also been analyzed. For field tests, two buildings with different contractors have been selected. Results. The results of the investigation show that the level of education, personality, and general knowledge of contractors are the key criteria for the correct implementation of buildings, which is the main construction problem in Tehran. In addition, the results show that improving the technology level of code design, etc., can increase the quality of construction after adapting the structures. The results obtained from the two buildings are compared, and the trend of the results is geared towards emphasizing the factors that were studied and mentioned that affect the construction. The factors indicate the social, scientific, and economic level of the contractors, which reflects their personality on the importance, health, and safety of the structure. 10.57728/ALF.33.2 69 Reinforced concrete structure Protected building Risk management Contractor Building code https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2025.33.2/ 3302.pdf

RAR RUS 3303-3303 0009-0008-2329-1871 Ardeeva Ksenia Andreevna 0000-0003-2872-0723 Shkoliar Filipp Sergeyevich Anchoring of a working rebar made with a plug connection It is proposed to use smooth steel pipes in the plug connection, which will be embedded parts in a monolithic foundation, into which the working rebars of the prefabricated column will subsequently arrive, glued onto a fast-setting liquid-type mixture. Thus, this plug joint design is the object of research. However, there is a question of the joint work of the smooth surface of the pipe and fine-grained bulk concrete after solidification, which is used as an adhesive solution for gluing reinforcing rebars. Methods. An experimental study of the anchoring of the working rebars as part of the plug connection has been carried out. The experiment involves applying a tensile load to a sample consisting of a reinforcing rebar glued onto a fast-hardening liquid-type mixture in a steel pipe. The load increased stepwise until the sample was destroyed. The method of processing the results is photogrammetric photography. Results. The relative deformations of the reinforcing rebar were determined by photogrammetric imaging. The high degree of adhesion of steel to a fast-hardening liquid-type mixture under the action of a tensile load was confirmed. The experimental sample collapsed on the base metal of the rebar outside the pipe. The equal strength of the reinforcement adhesive joint is ensured. Based on the experiment, concrete was found to be punctured at the points of relative elongation and narrowing of the reinforcing rebar after exceeding the design stresses, therefore, a process of reducing the anchoring of the working reinforcement was observed, which subsequently may cause a loss of strength of the plug connection of the prefabricated column and the monolithic foundation. 10.57728/ALF.33.3 69 Rebar Anchoring Plug joint Strength Experiment Force Deformation Concrete chipping https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2025.33.3/ 3303.pdf

REV RUS 3304-3304 ABD-9922-2021 0000-0002-9330-2221 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Iakovlev Nikita Artemovich nik_yakovlev@list.ru

Russia, 195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29

0009-0006-9047-9386 Khraponova Liudmila Vladimirovna Inter-module connections in modular construction: A comprehensive review and classification The object of the research is inter-module connections in modular construction, whose demand is growing as modular systems are increasingly implemented in building construction. The diversity of design solutions and the lack of a standardized classification, however, complicate their systematization and application in practice. Current review articles either focus on a limited range of connection types or provide broad classifications, lacking the depth needed to fully cover various aspects of connection design and functionality. The study aimed to address the need for a comprehensive approach by developing a detailed and structured classification of inter-module connections and conducting an in-depth review and analysis of various connection types. Method. A systematic literature review was conducted using Scopus, Google Scholar, and eLibrary to gather relevant sources. Subsequently, a bibliometric analysis and keyword content analysis were performed on the collected literature using VOSviewer. Results. The study proposes a new, detailed classification of inter-module connections, considering design characteristics and connection methods. Additionally, a thorough analysis was conducted on specific connection types, including welded, bolted, self-locking, and tie-rod connections, with an evaluation of their strengths and weaknesses under different construction conditions. A comparative analysis was also conducted based on parameters such as load-bearing capacity, deformation resistance, assembly speed, and ease of installation. The study identifies distinct features that influence connection selection based on project-specific requirements, thereby contributing to the systematic understanding of modular construction. 10.57728/ALF.33.4 69 Modular construction Inter-module connections Classification Structural performance Load-bearing capacity Energy dissipation Off-site construction Welded connections Bolted connections Tie-rod connections Self-locking connections https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2025.33.4/ 3304.pdf

RAR RUS 3305-3305 H-9967-2013 16412815600 0000-0002-8588-3871 Moscow Power Engineering Institute Kirsanov Mikhail Nikolaevich mpei2004@yandex.ru

Moscow, Russian Federation

0009-0005-5209-7566 Gribova Olga Valerievna Formulas for calculating the deflection and natural frequency of vibrations of a planar arched truss The object of research is a flat statically determinate arched truss with an arbitrary number of panels in the span. Formulas for the deflection and the first natural frequency of oscillations of the truss are derived. The equilibrium equations of the nodes are compiled and solved in the Maple computer mathematics system. Formulas are derived for the deflection of the middle node of the lower chord of the truss in the case of a uniform vertical load on the lower or upper chord. Method. A version of the Dunkerley method is used to calculate the natural frequency of oscillations of concentrated masses in the truss nodes. It is assumed that the masses oscillate vertically. Results. Good agreement is obtained between the results of the analytical solution and the numerical solution calculated considering all degrees of freedom of the system. It is shown that with an increase in the number of panels, the oscillation frequency decreases monotonically. 10.57728/ALF.33.5 69 Arched truss Fundamental frequency induction Maple Dunkerley method https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2025.33.5/ 3305.pdf