69439
2658-5553
AlfaBuild
13
1
13
2020
1-66
RAR
RUS
1-6
56352359500
0000-0002-5156-7352
Volgograd State Technical University
Korniyenko
Sergey Valeryevich
svkorn2009@yandex.ru
Volgograd, Russian Federation
Improving methods of temperature and humidity calculation in enclosing structures
Widespread implementation of enclosing structures with high thermal properties into modern construction entails the need to assess their humidity regime. Theoretical bases and methods of temperature-humidity calculation in enclosing structures are reflected in numerous domestic and foreign publications. However, data systematization on mathematical models of moisture transfer is currently not available, which makes it urgent to determine development vector of the theory and methods of moisture transfer calculation in enclosing structures. The purpose of the study is analytical review of the current focus of work in the field of methodology of temperature-humidity conditions in enclosing structures in Russia and abroad. General scientific methods of historical retrospective and comparative analysis were being used. Archival scientific sources and documents from 1925 to 2019 have been studied. The search and selection of relevant literature on the bases of effective criteria for selection of sources was carried out. The thematic analysis of calculation methods in terms of physical processes of moisture movement, potentials and transport equations was undertaken. The advantages of moisture transfer mathematical models based on the theory of moisture potential are shown. Application of the theory of moisture potential can greatly simplify the mathematical model of moisture transfer and expand the scope of application of the model on excess sorption humidity area of materials’ moisture in enclosing structures. It is established that methods of calculating temperature-humidity regime in enclosing structures are widely used in international practice for solving specific applied tasks of construction thermal physics, but a comprehensive theory of moisture transfer in enclosing structures has not yet been developed. The study has proved that the development of the theory and methods of temperature-humidity calculation in enclosing structures is relevant and promising.
10.34910/ALF.13.1
69
temperature-humidity regime
enclosing structure
moisture transfer
protection from moisture
moisture condensation
moisture potential
calculation methods
https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2020.13.1/
01.pdf
RAR
RUS
7-12
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Voichenko
Kirill Vladimirivich
kirya1997g@mail.ru
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Ibatullina
Diana Rishatovna
dishadiana673@gmail.com
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Zagoskin
Mikhail Pavlovich
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Filkovsky
Ilya Vladimirovich
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Ensuring the stability of slopes in road construction
Currently one of the most actual transportation problems in Saint Petersburg is the insufficient stability of pavement in conditions of high humidity. Strengthening the road embankments is able to solve this problem and increase the service life of the whole structure. So that, an optimal choice of necessary method of protection is an important task. The purpose is to study different methods of strengthening, to consider the specific technical characteristics of each of them and finally, to find the optimal one. The study showed review of the main methods to support subgrade slopes of existing roads. The schemes of used structures are demonstrated. Geodesic measurements of vertical precipitation were carried out on one of the sections of the federal highway "Scandinavia". Based on the calculations, diagrams were constructed and the most reliable method is identified.
10.34910/ALF.13.2
civil engineering
road construction
geodesy
subgrade
landslide protection
slope stability analysis
vertical displacement
https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2020.13.2/
02.pdf
RAR
RUS
13-20
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Torshilov
Roman Alekseevich
roman.torshilov@yandex.ru
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
56434269200
0000-0002-7421-3434
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Gamayunova
Olga Bergeevna
gamayunova_os@spbstu.ru
Smart glazing in Civil Engineering
Smart window is a structure made of layers of glass and chemical materials that can change properties when applying electricity or changing external conditions - light, temperature. The main scope of Smart window is partitions and building envelopes, automobile glazing, UV protection of museum exhibits, etc. The article discusses the technology of Smart glazing, their differences, advantages and disadvantages; the main technical characteristics of Smart windows and films for their lamination are given; examples of the use of Smart glazing in Civil Engineering and other areas are given. A review of the literature of domestic and foreign authors on the topic of Smart glazing is presented. It was revealed that with the development of Smart technologies, the technical characteristics of glass improved with a decrease in its cost, which leads to an increase in the availability of this material and wider application in the field of Civil Engineering.
10.34910/ALF.13.3
civil engineering
energy efficiency
smart window
glazing
nanotechnology
https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2020.13.3/
03.pdf
RAR
RUS
21-28
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Morina
Anna Andreevna
Annet.Morina@gmail.com
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Morina
Elena Andreevna
lenusik_ya_ne@mail.ru
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Makarov
Alexey Igorevich
almak17@yandex.ru
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
57194431559
0000-0003-4992-2084
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Galyamichev
Alexander Viktorovich
galyamichev@yandex.ru
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
0000-0003-0239-638X
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Nazarov
Mikhail Aleksandrovich
mikenazarow@yandex.ru
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
The influence of method of the fastening cladding on the design scheme of the hinged facade system frame
Currently, energy efficiency and aesthetic appeal of buildings are among the most important indicators in the construction of buildings and structures. Hinged facade systems (HFS) are becoming increasingly relevant both in the construction of buildings and their reconstruction. Their use allows, on the one hand, to "dress" the facade in modern finishing materials, and on the other – to improve the thermal insulation performance of the enclosure structure and protect it from harmful atmospheric effects. The widespread use of such modern facade structures as HFS, requires increased attention to the quality of their design. Firstly, this is due to the need to combine the bearing, enclosing, insulating and aesthetic qualities. One of the design issues of the HFS is to take into account such a factor as the effect of fastining the cladding to the load-bearing substructure on the static calculation of the frame (guide profiles, brackets, fastening units of the cladding to the guide profile, etc.). This article discusses the design features of the HFS, their advantages and disadvantages, a detailed classification, as well as the types of large-format HFS cladding and methods of their attachment to the load-bearing frame. On the basis of knowledge about the types of cladding and its fastening designer can develop a design scheme for a load-bearing frame, and further, to execute the calculation. At the moment, the calculation of the guide profiles is performed according to a certain scheme, regardless of the type of cladding, that is calculation is considered with invalid simplifications. The authors of this article in their work prove that it is necessary to classify different types of HSF depending on the method of transfer of the load ща cladding on the substructure in order to build a design scheme and make a calculation based on what type of HSF refers to. The purpose of this article is to classify the HFS on various grounds, proof of the impact of the type of cladding on the design scheme of the load-bearing frame and, accordingly, on the calculation itself.
10.34910/ALF.13.4
hinged ventilated facade
facing
load-bearing structure
fastening
load
structural design
https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2020.13.4/
04.pdf
RAR
RUS
45-58
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Khamidullova
Evgeniia Elvirovna
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
0000-0003-4599-8938
Composite Technology and Tooling Ltd.
Vasiutkin
Evgenii Sergeevich
evasyutkin@yandex.ru
Moscow region, Russian Federation
Committee for the Development of Transport Infrastructure of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Goncharov
Aleksei Borisovich
goncharov@krti.gov.spb.ru
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Comparison between domestic composite supports of outdoor lighting
This article examines domestically produced supports made of composite materials. In the modern world the use of composite polymeric materials is distributed due to their advantages over other kinds of materials. Nowadays composites are being actively used as material for outdoor lighting supports which are assembled along roads and railways, on private property and in the facilities designed for recreation and sports. In this regard, there are many companies on the domestic market which are ready to offer production of such supports of outdoor lighting. Since development and assemblage of such supports is indeed a fast-moving sector, there are a lot of firms on domestic market which are ready to offer their services. The study builds on the method of comparison of products offered by producers by the following aspects: materials, winding technique, basic physico-mechanical properties, the useful life and cost. All three companies use the same fiber composite, which is fiberglass, as a reinforcing fiber. However, the companies choose different binding agent and method for winding. Therefore, the considered supports have different physico-mechanical properties, the useful life and cost. The results of the study show us that serial composite supports, manufactured by the three considered companies, have different interesting engineering solutions which are being successfully implemented on objects under construction in different climate zones of Russian Federation. Every support has its advantages and disadvantages. The results are of high scientific importance. More and more ways of engineering supports of outdoor lighting are being figured out at present in order to increase their strength and useful life and improve resilience against environmental conditions.
10.34910/ALF.13.6
composition
sustainable development
research
polymeric composite materials
composite supports
lighting supports
https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2020.13.5/
06.pdf
RAR
RUS
1305-1305
57204943416
0000-0002-8322-1874
Institute of Russian Literature (The Pushkin House), St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Fakhretdinov
Rustam Ibragimovich
dzanni@gmail.com
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Representativeness of References in Russian PhD Theses on Construction Topics in 2019
Lists of references of Russian Ph.D. theses in construction defended in Russia from January 1 to October 5, 2019, were stratified by date, amount of self-citations, language, and Scopus rating. The average list consists of 149 items, including 33 not in Russian (23,2% of total), 9 self-citations (6,2%), 16 self-citations, and references to the supervisor (11,5%), 18 not older than three years (13,1%). Nine Scopus-articles in English after 1999 are on the average list, including 7 journal articles, 2 articles in conference proceedings, and one article of SciVal leading scientists (0,9%). Half of theses (29 of 54) have no references to the articles of the top authors by scholarly output in SciVal topics, six theses have no references to Scopus-articles in English. The best by the average number of references to English Scopus are thesis сouncils 212.138.10 (Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 5 theses), 999.183.02 (Russian University of Transport and Research Institute of Transport Construction, 2 theses) and 218.005.05 (Russian University of Transport, 1 thesis). The scientific level and scientific ethics of Ph.D. theses were not considered in this article.
10.34910/ALF.13.5
69
bibliometric analysis
PhD thesis
sociology of science
indexes
citations
construction
Scopus
SciVal
https://alfabuild.spbstu.ru/article/2020.13.6/
Alfa_5.pdf