69439 AlfaBuild AlfaBuild 2658-5553 5 10.57728/ALF.38.5 Mechanical properties of a semi-precast slab with a layered implementation Mechanical properties of a semi-precast slab with a layered implementation Mawlood Dara Anwer Koyankin Alexander Alexandrovich 16 02 2026 38 2 38 3805 3805

The object of research is a precast reinforced concrete slab, for which an advanced layered finite element method is implemented to model and determine the stress-strain relationships of the constituent materials within the computational framework for semi-precast slabs. This work evaluates the flexural performance of semi-precast slabs through a numerical investigation based on a generalized computational algorithm implemented in MATLAB. The proposed method introduces a layered finite element method for analyzing precast reinforced concrete (RC) slabs, built on a refined global-local plate theory. The cross-section of a semi-precast RC slab is divided into several concrete and steel layers, with each layer treated as an independent plate structure that retains its own material properties. Results. From the input data, the code calculates both global and local stresses and strains. The MATLAB flowchart is provided. A major advantage is that it requires no shear correction coefficients. In addition, although the model is layer-based, the number of unknowns for the displacement and stress fields remains constant, regardless of the total number of layers. Benchmark comparisons and numerical tests show that the proposed method yields highly accurate results while remaining computationally feasible.

 Kinematic layer Strain and stress fields Layered formulation Finite element discretization Semi-precast slab References 1          Mohamed, M.S., Thamboo, J.A. and Jeyakaran, T. (2020) Experimental and Numerical Assessment of the Flexural Behaviour of Semi-Precast-Reinforced Concrete Slabs. Advances in Structural Engineering, 23, 1865–1879. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433220904011 2          Tam, V.W.Y., Fung, I.W.H., Sing, M.C.P. and Ogunlana, S.O. (2015) Best Practice of Prefabrication Implementation in the Hong Kong Public and Private Sectors. Journal of Cleaner Production, 109, 216–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.09.045 3          Akmam Syed Zakaria, S., Gajendran, T., Rose, T. and Brewer, G. (2018) Contextual, Structural and Behavioural Factors Influencing the Adoption of Industrialised Building Systems: A Review. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 14, 3–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/17452007.2017.1291410 4          Saiah, B., Bachene, M., Guemana, M., Chiker, Y. and Attaf, B. (2022) On the Free Vibration Behavior of Nanocomposite Laminated Plates Contained Piece-Wise Functionally Graded Graphene-Reinforced Composite Plies. Engineering Structures, 253, 113784. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.113784 5          Ashteyat, A.M., Al Rjoub, Y.S., Obaidat, A.T. and Dagamseh, H. (2019) Strengthening and Repair of One-Way and Two-Way Self-Compacted Concrete Slabs Using near-Surface-Mounted Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymers. Advances in Structural Engineering, 22, 2435–2448. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433219843649 6          Van Vinh, P., Avcar, M., Belarbi, M.-O., Tounsi, A. and Quang Huy, L. (2023) A New Higher-Order Mixed Four-Node Quadrilateral Finite Element for Static Bending Analysis of Functionally Graded Plates. Structures, 47, 1595–1612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.11.113 7          Thamboo, J.A. and Dhanasekar, M. (2015) Characterisation of Thin Layer Polymer Cement Mortared Concrete Masonry Bond. Construction and Building Materials, 82, 71–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.12.098 8          Le, C.V., Ho, V.Q., Ho, P.L.H. and Nguyen, P.H. (2022) Limit State Analysis of Thin Plates and Slabs by a Numerical Pseudo-Lower Yield Design Approach. Thin-Walled Structures, 172, 108852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2021.108852 9          Cinefra, M., Kumar, S.K. and Carrera, E. (2019) MITC9 Shell Elements Based on RMVT and CUF for the Analysis of Laminated Composite Plates and Shells. Composite Structures, 209, 383–390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.10.039 10        Amirkhani, S. and Lezgy‐Nazargah, M. (2022) Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Columns: Evaluation of Different Modeling Approaches for Considering Stirrup Confinement Effects. Structural Concrete, 23, 2820–2836. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.202100532 11        Yeganeh-Salman, A. and Lezgy-Nazargah, M. (2023) Evaluating the Accuracy of Mass Scaling Method in Nonlinear Quasi-Static Finite Element Analysis of RC Structures. Structural Engineering and Mechanics, 85, 485–500. https://doi.org/10.12989/SEM.2023.85.4.485 12        Mawlood, D. and Rafiq, S. (2022) Nonlinear 3D Finite Element Model for Round Composite Columns under Various Eccentricity Loads. Engineering and Technology Journal, 40, 1605–1614. https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2022.133106.1168 13        Mahmood, D., Rafiq, S. and Adbullah, M. (2022) Nonlinear 3D Finite Element Model for Square Composite Columns Under Various Parameters. Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 16, 19–28. https://doi.org/10.37650/ijce.2022.172882 14        Marques, M.G., Liberati, E.A.P., Pimentel, M.J., De Souza, R.A. and Trautwein, L.M. (2020) Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis (NLFEA) of Reinforced Concrete Flat Slabs with Holes. Structures, 27, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2020.05.004 15        Carrera, E. and Ciuffreda, A. (2005) A Unified Formulation to Assess Theories of Multilayered Plates for Various Bending Problems. Composite Structures, 69, 271–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2004.07.003 16        Liguori, F.S., Corrado, A., Bilotta, A. and Madeo, A. (2023) A Layer-Wise Plasticity-Based Approach for the Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Shell Structures Using a Mixed Finite Element. Engineering Structures, 285, 116045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.116045 17        Milligan, G.J., Polak, M.A. and Zurell, C. (2022) Finite Element Analysis of Punching Shear Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Slabs Supported on Walls. Structural Concrete, 23, 1118–1133. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.202100692 18        Benayoune, A., Samad, A.A.A., Trikha, D.N., Ali, A.A.A. and Ellinna, S.H.M. (2008) Flexural Behaviour of Precast Concrete Sandwich Composite Panel – Experimental and Theoretical Investigations. Construction and Building Materials, 22, 580–592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.11.023 19        Elsanadedy, H.M., Almusallam, T.H., Alsayed, S.H. and AL-Salloum, Y.A. (2015) Experimental and FE Study on RC One-Way Slabs Upgraded with FRP Composites. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 19, 1024–1040. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-013-0689-y 20        Liu, F., Battini, J.-M. and Pacoste, C. (2019) Finite-Shell-Element Models for the Dynamic Analysis of Hollow-Core Concrete Floor. Magazine of Concrete Research, 71, 519–532. https://doi.org/10.1680/jmacr.17.00480 21        Abeysinghe, C.M., Thambiratnam, D.P. and Perera, N.J. (2013) Flexural Performance of an Innovative Hybrid Composite Floor Plate System Comprising Glass–Fibre Reinforced Cement, Polyurethane and Steel Laminate. Composite Structures, 95, 179–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.06.019 22        Adawi, A., Youssef, M.A. and Meshaly, M.E. (2016) Finite Element Modeling of the Composite Action between Hollowcore Slabs and the Topping Concrete. Engineering Structures, 124, 302–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.06.016 23        Ghiasi, H., Fayazbakhsh, K., Pasini, D. and Lessard, L. (2010) Optimum Stacking Sequence Design of Composite Materials Part II: Variable Stiffness Design. Composite Structures, 93, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2010.06.001 24        Akbulut, M. and Sonmez, F.O. (2008) Optimum Design of Composite Laminates for Minimum Thickness. Computers & Structures, 86, 1974–1982. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2008.05.003 25        Le, C.V., Ho, V.Q., Ho, P.L.H. and Nguyen, P.H. (2022) Limit State Analysis of Thin Plates and Slabs by a Numerical Pseudo-Lower Yield Design Approach. Thin-Walled Structures, 172, 108852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2021.108852 26        Khennane, A. (2013) Introduction to Finite Element Analysis Using MATLAB and Abaqus. 1st ed., Taylor & Francis Group, Baton Rouge https://www.academia.edu/79692641/Introduction_to_Finite_Element_Analysis_Using_MATLAB_and_Abaqus 27        Zhang, Y.X., Bradford, M.A. and Gilbert, R.I. (2007) A Layered Shear-Flexural Plate/Shell Element Using Timoshenko Beam Functions for Nonlinear Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Plates. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 43, 888–900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.finel.2007.05.002 28        Werkle, H. (2021) Finite Elements in Structural Analysis: Theoretical Concepts and Modeling Procedures in Statics and Dynamics of Structures. Springer International Publishing, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49840-5 29        Oñate, E. (2009) Structural Analysis with the Finite Element Method: Linear Statics. Springer, Dordrecht London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8733-2 30        Mawlood, D.A. and Koyankin, A.A. (2025) Triangular Layered Finite Element Method for Reinforced Concrete Slabs. Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings, 21, 441–461. https://doi.org/10.22363/1815-5235-2025-21-5-441-461 31        Mittelstedt, C. (2023) Basics of Elasticity Theory. Theory of Plates and Shells, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 3–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-66805-4_1 32        Wang, R., Fang, Z., Lezgy-Nazargah, M. and Khosravi, H. (2023) Nonlinear Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Slabs Using a Quasi-3D Mixed Finite Element Formulation. Engineering Structures, 294, 116781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.116781 33        Zhang, H. and Qiu, Y. (2024) Model for Calculation of Thermal Stresses in Concrete Pavement Slabs with Refined Nonlinear Deformation Constraints. Road Materials and Pavement Design, 25, 820–837. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2023.2230291